For a lot of the listed visa not required areas, if you remove the US as a connection you lose a lot of options. All airports do not have transit zones like Panama or Guatamela, many require at least a transit visa, so in some cases other than non stop flights there is no way to get to some of the listed locations. If a visa free connection is possible then of course they can. So the required steps are fingure out a location, find the connection info and then inquire as to the connecting country if they have sterile in transit areas or they don't. Starting in the DR reduces the options a bit, e.g. Caracas, Panama, and Havana as connecting points. Outside the USA that is.
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